Chapter 4 Error Propagation Solve the following problems, refer to class notes/examples Problem 4.9 The Stefan-Boltzmann law can be employed to estimate the rate of radiation of energy H from a surface, as in H = AeσT4 where H is in watts, A = the surface area (m²), e = the emissivity that characterizes the emitting properties of the surface (dimensionless), s = a universal constant called the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (= 5.67 × 108 W m²K), and 7 = absolute temperature (K). Determine the error of H for a steel plate with A = 0.15 m², e = 0.90, and 7 = 650 ± 20. Compare your results with the exact error. Repeat the computation but with T =650±40. Interpret your results. Problem 4.10 Repeat Prob. 4.9 but for a copper sphere with radius = 0.15 ± 0.01 m, e = 0.90 ± 0.05, and 7 = 550 ± 20. Problem 4.11 Recall that the velocity of the falling parachutist can be computed by [Eq. (1.10)], v(t)= gm 1-e-(c/m)) Use a first-order error analysis to estimate the error of v at t=6, if g = 9.81 and m = 50 but c = 12.5 ± 1.5. Problem 4.12 = Repeat Prob. 4.11 with g 9.81, t=6, c = 12.5 ± 1.5, and m = 50±2.