Calculate: (i) the apparent specific gravity, (ii) the bulk specific gravity, (iii) the apparent particle density, and (iv) the bulk particle density of sand, given the following data: mass of sand (oven-dry) mass of sand (SSD) mass of pycnometer full of water mass of pycnometer plus sand and topped up with water Answer: (i) 2.59 - 480 g 490 g - 1400 g 1695 g (ii) 2.51 (iii) 2594 kg/m³ (iv) 2513 kg/m³