2. The continuous timing method in direct time study was used to obtain the element times for a worker-machine task as indicated in the table below. Element c is a machine-controlled element and the time is constant. Elements a, b, d, e, and fare operator-controlled and external to the machine cycle, and were performance rated at 80%. If the machine allowance is 25%, and the worker allowance for personal time, fatigue, and delays is 15%, determine (a) the normal time and (b) standard time for the cycle. (c) If the worker completed 360 work units working 7.2 hours on an 8- hour shift, what was the worker's efficiency? Element Observed time (min) a b с d e f 0.18 0.30 0.88 1.12 1.55 1.80