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categoryهندسة ميكانيكية
schoolبكالوريوس
event_available2026-07-13
السؤال
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3 [40 points] A free water jet flows non-uniformly from a slot in the bottom of a circular pipe
nozzle as shown in the figure. The flow entering the pipe at the flange has a uniform velocity, U
= 6 m/s, across its circular cross-section (diameter D₁ = 0.05 m). The slot has dimensions of L =
0.25 m long by = 0.004 m wide, and it is known that the velocity varies linearly along the
length of the slot, with the maximum velocity being twice the minimum velocity (Vmax = 2V/min).
The density of water is p = 1000 kg/m³. The gravitational acceleration is g = 9.8 m/s².
a) Determine the mass flowrate m exiting the nozzle and write an expression V(x) that
describes the variation of the velocity across the exit slot. The origin of the x axis is at the
upstream end of the slot, where V(x = 0) = Vmin, as shown in the figure.
b) Given that the mass of the nozzle is M = 5 kg and the fluid volume contained in the
nozzle is Q=0.001 m³, find the vertical component (y-direction) of the force F, required
to hold the pipe in place. The y-axis is positive up.
Patm
U
Di
11111
O
Patm
Vmin
Vmax
Cross-section view
D1
Vmin
Isotropic view
Vmax
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