Q3. Coffee beans contain components that are soluble in water and others that are not. Instant coffee is produced by dissolving the soluble portion in boiling water (i.e. by making coffee) in large percolators, then feeding the coffee to a spray dryer in which the water is evaporated, leaving the soluble coffee as a dry powder. The insoluble portion of the coffee beans (the spent grounds) passes through several drying operations, and the dried grounds are either burned or used as landfill. The solution removed from the grounds in the first stage of the drying operation is fed to the spray dryer to join the effluent from the percolators. A flowchart of the process is shown below. The symbols S and I denote the soluble and insoluble components of the coffee beans, W is water, and C is a solution containing 35% w/w S and 65% w/w W. Roasted Ground Coffee Beans I and S W Percolators Cyclone Separator 20% w/w 80% w/w C Press с Spray Dryer 50% w/w I 50% w/w C W Dryer 500 kg S/hr (Instant Coffee) 1400 kg/hr 70% w/w Balance S and W (a) Calculate the flow rates (kg/hr) of each of the streams 1 to 8. (b) If the liquid effluent from the press could be fed to the spray dryer without affecting the taste of the product, by what percentage would the production rate of instant coffee be increased? Q3. (a) (1) 2852 kg/hr (2) 3477 (5) 2940 (6) 929 (3) 4900 (7) 1960 (4) 1429 (8) 560 (b) 206%