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categoryفيزياء
schoolبكالوريوس
event_available2026-07-15
السؤال
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Question 1
In this question we undertake the Hydrogen Atom Model, developed in 1913 by
Niels Bohr.
a) Write the electric force reigning between the proton and the electron, in the
hydrogen atom, in CGS system. Then equate this force, with the force
expressed in terms of mass and acceleration, to come up with Bohr's
equation of motion. Suppose that the electron orbit, around the proton, is
circular. Use the following symbols, throughout.
e: proton's or electron's charge intensity (4.8 x 108 electrostatic unit).
In: distance between these two particles at the nth energy level.
m: mass of the electron (0.9 x 1027 gram).
V₁: velocity of the electron at the nth energy level.
b) Bohr, added to his equation of motion, the condition of the quantization of the
angular momentum of the electron, at the given level:
2tr, mv, =nh, n=1,2,... .
Here, h is the Planck Constant:
h=6.62x10-27 CGS.
Thus find the unknowns v₁ and г of Bohr's setup.
In
c) It is easier to extract the electron rotating around the proton, at a given
distance г from the nucleus, than to extract the electron at rest, from the
same distance to the proton. Thus the energy En necessary to carry the
electron rotating around the proton, to infinity, can be written as the
difference of the static binding energy U₁(r) of the electron to the proton,
and the kinetic energy K₁(r) of the electron, on the orbit of distance г to the
nucleus. (One can suppose that, through the dissociation process, the proton,
much more massive than the electron, stays in place.) Thus, show that En,
which we may call "dissociation energy" of the hydrogen atom, originally at
the nth energy level, can be expressed as
E
2πme
h2n
n = 1, 2, ....
d) Calculate the dissociation energy En, for he ground state (n=1) in terms of
"electron volts". Note that
lev = 1.6x10-19 Joule (MKS) = 1.6x10¹² erg (CGS).
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