Now we will make a phylogenetic tree for eight different species using the differences in amino acid sequences in Cytochrome c protein. Method: horse horse 0 0 donkey whale chicken penguin snake moth yeast donkey whale chicken penguin snake 11 13 21 540 96 32030 moth yeast 29 45 m222 156 ₤4444444 wheat 46 10 12 20 10 28 46 45 18 18 88 27 45 44 29 46 46 17 27 45 46 0 29 46 46 0 48 45 0 47 0 wheat Use the data you collected to complete the cladogram which follows. Horse 10 10. Use the information provided to assist you in answering the questions on the following page. THE NUMBER OF AMINO ACID DIFFERENCES IN CYTOCHROME C AMONG VARIOUS ORGANISMS Horse Donkey Horse Chicken Penguin Snake 0 1 Donkey 11 13 21 0 10 12 20 Chicken 0 3 18 Penguin 0 17 Snake 0 Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species. (a) The evolution of a species is dependent on changes in the genome of the species. Identify TWO mechanisms of genetic change, and explain how each affects genetic variation. (b) Based on the data in the table below, draw a phylogenetic tree that reflects the evolutionary relationships of the organisms based on the differences in their cytochrome c amino-acid sequences and explain the relationships of the organisms. Based on the data, identify which organism is most closely related to the chicken and explain your choice. (c) Describe TWO types of evidence other than the comparison of proteins that can be used to determine the phylogeny of organisms. Discuss one strength of each type of evidence you described. (d) Explain why more closely related organisms have more similar Cytochrome C. (e) What is the main difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree? (f) List four characteristic of the universal common ancestor